Announcing Krush 1.0

You may know Nussknacker, which is our open-source tool for scenario authoring, but we have a bunch of other projects we want to share with the community. One of these is Krush, which is our attempt to solve data access in Kotlin using the Exposed framework underneath. It is now 3 years in development and is mostly feature-complete, so we decided that this could be a good time to release the 1.0 version. 🎉🎉🎉

yeah, nussknacker is cool, but have you heard of krush?

This release is mostly infrastructure-centric, we introduced support for Kotlin 1.7 and switched our build scripts to Kotlin Gradle. You can read more details in the Changelog.

In case you want to give it a try, a good resource could be project’s README, an introductory post from our blog and some example
repositories if you’d prefer to just dig into code.

Let us know about your thoughts on GitHub or ping us on Twitter!

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Private fields and methods are not private in groovy

I used to code in Java before I met groovy. Like most of you, groovy attracted me with many enhancements. This was to my surprise to discover that method visibility in groovy is handled different than Java!

Consider this example:

class Person {
private String name
public String surname

private Person() {}

private String signature() { "${name?.substring(0, 1)}. $surname" }

public String toString() { "I am $name $surname" }
}

How is this class interpreted with Java?

  1. Person has private constructor that cannot be accessed
  2. Field "name" is private and cannot be accessed
  3. Method signature() is private and cannot be accessed

Let's see how groovy interpretes Person:

public static void main(String[] args) {
def person = new Person() // constructor is private - compilation error in Java
println(person.toString())

person.@name = 'Mike' // access name field directly - compilation error in Java
println(person.toString())

person.name = 'John' // there is a setter generated by groovy
println(person.toString())

person.@surname = 'Foo' // access surname field directly
println(person.toString())

person.surname = 'Bar' // access auto-generated setter
println(person.toString())

println(person.signature()) // call private method - compilation error in Java
}

I was really astonished by its output:

I am null null
I am Mike null
I am John null
I am John Foo
I am John Bar
J. Bar

As you can see, groovy does not follow visibility directives at all! It treats them as non-existing. Code compiles and executes fine. It's contrary to Java. In Java this code has several errors, pointed out in comments.

I've searched a bit on this topic and it seems that this behaviour is known since version 1.1 and there is a bug report on that: http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/GROOVY-1875. It is not resolved even with groovy 2 release. As Tim Yates mentioned in this Stackoverflow question: "It's not clear if it is a bug or by design". Groovy treats visibility keywords as a hint for a programmer.

I need to keep that lesson in mind next time I want to make some field or method private!