DDevelopment & Design

Hibernate hbm2ddl won’t create schema before creating tables

Situation I have a local H2 in memory database for integration tests and an Oracle db for production. I do not control the Oracle DB model. The in memory H2 database is created automatically by adding <prop key=”hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto”>update&l…Situation I have a local H2 in memory database for integration tests and an Oracle db for production. I do not control the Oracle DB model. The in memory H2 database is created automatically by adding <prop key=”hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto”>update&l…

Situation I have a local H2 in memory database for integration tests and an Oracle db for production. I do not control the Oracle DB model. The in memory H2 database is created automatically by adding

update

  to hibernate properties in AnnotationSessionFactoryBean. The definition of the entity stored in DB points to a schema

@Entity
@Table(name = "business_operations", schema = "sowa")
public class BusinessOperation {
...

The problem When creating the H2 database, Hibernate won’t create the schema before creating tables. As a result it will show errors when trying to create the tables in non existing schema and fail in any query (queries will be run with sowa.business_operations).

2011-01-18 15:13:30,884 INFO [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] - Running hbm2ddl schema update
2011-01-18 15:13:30,885 INFO [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] - fetching database metadata
2011-01-18 15:13:30,915 INFO [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] - updating schema
2011-01-18 15:13:30,927 INFO [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.DatabaseMetadata] - table not found: business_operations
2011-01-18 15:13:30,941 ERROR [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] - Unsuccessful: create table sowa.business_operations 
2011-01-18 15:13:30,942 ERROR [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] - 
Schema "SOWA" not found;

Turns out this bug is reported and open since 2006:

link. The solution The solution to this problem is to create the schema before hibernate’s hbm2ddl turns on. That would be easy with H2 if we could tell H2 to initialize itself like this:

database.url=jdbc:h2:mem:;INIT=RUNSCRIPT FROM 'src/main/resources/scripts/create.sql';

All seems nice, except H2 RUNSCRIPT FROM command doesn’t work with relative resources as you may expect. Fortunatelly INIT allows us to give any commands, not just point to a script, so this little change will solve the problem:

database.url=jdbc:h2:mem:;INIT=create schema IF NOT EXISTS sowa

Yeah, I know it’s obvious and simple stupid, but looking at all the questions on all the mailing lists in google I may have just saved a little bit of somebody’s time.

Solution Architect @ TouK

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DDevelopment & Design

Spock, Java and Maven

Few months ago I've came across Groovy - powerful language for JVM platform which combines the power of Java with abilities typical for scripting languages (dynamic typing, metaprogramming).

Together with Groovy I've discovered spock framework (https://code.google.com/p/spock/) - specification framework for Groovy (of course you can test Java classes too!). But spock is not only test/specification framework - it also contains powerful mocking tools.

Even though spock is dedicated for Groovy there is no problem with using it for Java classes tests. In this post I'm going to describe how to configure Maven project to build and run spock specifications together with traditional JUnit tests.


Firstly, we need to prepare pom.xml and add necessary dependencies and plugins.

Two obligatory libraries are:
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.spockframework</groupId>
    <artifactid>spock-core</artifactId>
    <version>0.7-groovy-2.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
    <artifactid>groovy-all</artifactId>
    <version>${groovy.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
Where groovy.version is property defined in pom.xml for more convenient use and easy version change, just like this: 
<properties>
    <gmaven-plugin.version>1.4</gmaven-plugin.version>
    <groovy.version>2.1.5</groovy.version>
</properties>

I've added property for gmaven-plugin version for the same reason ;)

Besides these two dependencies, we can use few additional ones providing extra functionality:
  • cglib - for class mocking
  • objenesis - enables mocking classes without default constructor
To add them to the project put these lines in <dependencies> section of pom.xml:
<dependency>
    <groupid>cglib</groupId>
    <artifactid>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
    <version>3.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.objenesis</groupId>
    <artifactid>objenesis</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

And that's all for dependencies section. Now we will focus on plugins necessary to compile Groovy classes. We need to add gmaven-plugin with gmaven-runtime-2.0 dependency in plugins section:
<plugin>
    <groupid>org.codehaus.gmaven</groupId>
    <artifactid>gmaven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>${gmaven-plugin.version}</version>
    <configuration>
        <providerselection>2.0</providerSelection>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>compile</goal>
                <goal>testCompile</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.codehaus.gmaven.runtime</groupId>
            <artifactid>gmaven-runtime-2.0</artifactId>
            <version>${gmaven-plugin.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupid>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
                    <artifactid>groovy-all</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
            <artifactid>groovy-all</artifactId>
            <version>${groovy.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</plugin>

With these configuration we can use spock and write our first specifications. But there is one issue: default settings for maven-surefire plugin demand that test classes must end with "..Test" postfix, which is ok when we want to use such naming scheme for our spock tests. But if we want to name them like CommentSpec.groovy or whatever with "..Spec" ending (what in my opinion is much more readable) we need to make little change in surefire plugin configuration:
<plugin>
    <groupid>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactid>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.15</version>
    <configuration>
        <includes>
            <include>**/*Test.java</include>
            <include>**/*Spec.java</include>
        </includes>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

As you can see there is a little trick ;) We add include directive for standard Java JUnit test ending with "..Test" postfix, but there is also an entry for spock test ending with "..Spec". And there is a trick: we must write "**/*Spec.java", not "**/*Spec.groovy", otherwise Maven will not run spock tests (which is strange and I've spent some time to figure out why Maven can't run my specs).

Little update: instead of "*.java" postfix for both types of tests we can write "*.class" what is in my opinion more readable and clean:
<include>**/*Test.class</include>
<include>**/*Spec.class</include>
(thanks to Tomek Pęksa for pointing this out!)

With such configuration, we can write either traditional JUnit test and put them in src/test/java directory or groovy spock specifications and place them in src/test/groovy. And both will work together just fine :) In one of my next posts I'll write something about using spock and its mocking abilities in practice, so stay in tune.