DDevelopment & Design

Advisory Messages to the rescue

The most crucial part of software development is testing. It should ensure us, that our code is correct, works according to given specs, etc. There are many kinds of tests: unit tests, integration, functional. In general you should try to test the smallest possible subset of your code and be able to check the state of the objects after the test.

This seems as rather easy task, but what if you have an integration end-to-end test to perform? In most cases asserting state in integration test is rather hard due to multiple systems interoperability. Let’s focus on a specific situation.

What I needed to do the other day was write some integration test for Jms based system. The processing pipeline is easy:

  • fetch object from DB
  • process it
  • publish on JMS

some other system (X-system) polls JMS:

  • if message is found
  • fetch it (message disappears from the JMS queue)
  • do sth with it
  • Looks simple but since I didn’t have any sane access to the X-system I wanted to be sure that my object was actually put into the queue. It was not acceptable to subscribe to the queue and fetch that object in my test – it would dusrupt the flow of the whole process.

    Fortunately I’ve been using ActiveMQ and since it offers a thing called Advisory Messages I’ve decided to use just them.

    What are advisory messages? They are a set of administrative messages that are generated on a specific event, like message consumption, message delivery, topic destruction, and many more. Each type of message is delivered to a separate topic – prefixed with ActiveMQ.Advisory. Since generation of such messages may be an overhead in production systems these features are turned off by default. You need to enable specific type of advisory message for a specific jms destination. You can do this with ths configuration change to activemq.xml

    <destinationPolicy>
   <policyMap>
      <policyEntries>
        <policyEntry queue="my/test/queue" advisoryForDelivery="true" advisoryForConsumed="true"/>                                                   
        <policyEntry topic=">" producerFlowControl="true" memoryLimit="1mb">
          <pendingSubscriberPolicy>
            <vmCursor />
          </pendingSubscriberPolicy>
        </policyEntry>
      </policyEntries>
    </policyMap>
</destinationPolicy>

    As you can see, I’ve specified which advisories I want enabled. The full list of available advisories can be found here.

    Since I wanted to read messages from that topic I’ve added the following configuration to my spring context – there is one destination bean for inserting messages and one bean for advisory topic.

    <bean id="testQueue" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" autowire="constructor">
    <constructor-arg value="my/test/queue" />
</bean>

<bean id="deliveredToTestQueueAdvisory" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic" autowire="constructor">
    <constructor-arg value="ActiveMQ.Advisory.MessageDelivered.Queue.my/test/queue" />
</bean>

    Thanks to this configuration I’ve been able to check that my message was actually delivered to the queue. There’ve been no need to worry about race conditions in consuming the message from original queue – if the X-system read the message, I’d be unable to determine if it has ever been in JMS at all.

    What’s not so nice about that:

    • advisory messages can be thought of as counters rather than debugging information
    • they don’t contain any data that would allow us to match advisory message to the original message – thou you could correlate by timestamp

    All in all, it’s a good tool to have! But perhaps you have some other thoughts on this subject? How do you test JMS?

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DDevelopment & Design

Grails render as JSON catch

One of a reasons your controller doesn't render a proper response in JSON format might be wrong package name that you use. It is easy to overlook. Import are on top of a file, you look at your code and everything seems to be fine. Except response is still not in JSON format.

Consider this simple controller:

class RestJsonCatchController {
def grailsJson() {
render([first: 'foo', second: 5] as grails.converters.JSON)
    }

def netSfJson() {
render([first: 'foo', second: 5] as net.sf.json.JSON)
    }
}

And now, with finger crossed... We have a winner!

$ curl localhost:8080/example/restJsonCatch/grailsJson
{"first":"foo","second":5}
$ curl localhost:8080/example/restJsonCatch/netSfJson
{first=foo, second=5}

As you can see only grails.converters.JSON converts your response to JSON format. There is no such converter for net.sf.json.JSON, so Grails has no converter to apply and it renders Map normally.

Conclusion: always carefully look at your imports if you're working with JSON in Grails!

Edit: Burt suggested that this is a bug. I've submitted JIRA issue here: GRAILS-9622 render as class that is not a codec should throw exception